Nasty smell of a deceased rat in your house? What causes the smell and what can be done.

Randy Bilesky BScF CPA RPF

President at Go Green

September 13, 2024

The nasty smell of a deceased rodent is typically caused by the decomposition process. As it’s body breaks down, it releases gases and compounds that produce a foul odor. This smell can be quite intense and pervasive, especially if the rat has been dead for some time or if it’s in an enclosed space.

Here’s what you can do to address the problem:

1. Locate the Source: Try to find where the rat is. Common places include attics, walls, basements, and under floors. You might need to look for signs like droppings, nesting materials, or other indicators.
2. Remove the Body: If you can locate the dead rat, wear gloves and use a tool (like tongs or a shovel) to remove it. Place the rat in a sealed plastic bag and dispose of it properly according to your local regulations.
3. Clean the Area: After removal, clean the area thoroughly with disinfectant. This helps eliminate any remaining odor and bacteria. Make sure to ventilate the area well.
4. Odor Neutralizers: Use odor-neutralizing products to help with any lingering smell. Options include activated charcoal, baking soda, or commercial odor neutralizers. Place them in the affected area to absorb and mask the odor.
5. Inspect for Entry Points: Check for and seal any entry points where rats might have gained access. This helps prevent future infestations.
6. Consider Professional Help: If the smell persists or if you’re unable to locate the source, it might be worth calling a pest control professional. They can help locate and remove the dead rat, as well as address any ongoing pest issues.

The foul odor from a deceased animal, such as a rat, is due to a mix of gases and compounds produced during decomposition. Here are some of the key contributors to that unpleasant smell:

1. Hydrogen Sulfide (H₂S): This gas has a distinctive smell of rotten eggs. It is produced by the breakdown of proteins in the body.
2. Putrescine and Cadaverine: These are biogenic amines produced by the bacterial decomposition of amino acids. They have strong, unpleasant odors often associated with rotting flesh.
3. Methane (CH₄): While not as pungent, methane is produced during the decomposition process and can contribute to the overall odor.
4. Ammonia (NH₃): Ammonia is released from the breakdown of urea and other nitrogenous compounds. It has a sharp, irritating smell.
5. Skatole and Indole: These compounds are derived from the breakdown of tryptophan and other amino acids. They can contribute to the characteristic “fecal” smell.
6. Fatty Acids: Decomposing fat produces short-chain fatty acids, which can contribute to the rancid odor.

These compounds are released as bacteria and other microorganisms break down the tissues in the animal’s body. The smell can be quite intense and pervasive, making it important to address the source of the odor promptly.

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