Dealing with Rats: What Homeowners Need to Know

Randy Bilesky BScF CPA RPF

President at Go Green

February 5, 2025

Rats are sneaky, fast-breeding, and incredibly adaptable, making them a serious nuisance for homeowners. In Canada, two species cause the most trouble: Norway rats and roof rats.

• Norway rats stick to the ground, often burrowing under homes, sheds, and garages.
• Roof rats are more common on the west coast of British Columbia and prefer higher places like attics, trees, and rooflines.

How to Tell Them Apart

• Norway rats are great swimmers and tend to live in basements, crawl spaces, and lower levels of buildings.
• Roof rats are more agile climbers, often found nesting in trees or high-up spaces like attics and rafters.

Why Norway Rats Are More Common

Norway rats are better at finding and eating food, allowing them to reproduce faster and push roof rats out of many areas. Although roof rats arrived in North America first, Norway rats spread quickly after being introduced on ships. In places with limited food, you’re more likely to only find Norway rats.

Roof Rats Can Survive the Cold

Despite being originally from warmer climates, roof rats have adapted to survive in cooler regions—even in places where temperatures hover just above freezing. In colder months, they may burrow into warm spots, like inside walls or attics. With climate change and rising temperatures, roof rats may expand their range into more areas of Canada.

What This Means for Homeowners

• Stay vigilant year-round: Rats don’t take a break in winter. They’ll find ways to stay warm—often inside your home.
• Seal entry points: Both species can squeeze through small openings. Check for cracks, gaps, and holes around your home.
• Keep food secure: Rats are excellent scavengers. Store food in airtight containers and clean up crumbs to avoid attracting them.
• Trim trees and bushes: Since roof rats like to climb, overhanging branches can act as a bridge to your home.
• Monitor for signs: Look for droppings, gnawed wires, or scratching noises in walls or ceilings.

If you suspect a rat problem, act quickly! The longer they stay, the harder they are to remove. Consider contacting a professional pest management provider (PMP) to handle infestations effectively.

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